Wednesday, February 5, 2020

Wildflowers of Ohio: The Perfect Summer Study


The kids and I completed this fun--and lovely!--wildflowers study back in the summer. It was primarily an enrichment for our CK-12 Biology chapters on plants, but I also tied it into our geography/history study of Ohio by having the kids earn the Girl Scout Wildflowers of Ohio fun patch, and using those patch requirements as our spine for this little unit.

We incorporated some art and some handwork, took a road trip, and had a magical time becoming wildflower specialists!

Here are the requirements to earn the Wildflowers of Ohio fun patch:

Wildflower Basics

1. Make a diagram of parts of a flower. 

The prerequisite for all of these steps is Chapter 15, covering plant evolution and classification, of CK-12's high school Biology 1 textbook. Ideally, you'll also be reading through Chapter 16, explicitly about plant biology, as you go. In addition, you'll want to swing back and review Chapter 4, which is when photosynthesis was covered.

I didn't end up taking photos of this activity, because flower dissection is something we've done a few times over the years. Even though this is a wildflower study, I bought a grocery store bouquet for the dissection, because their flowers are nice and large! To add interest and rigor, I required the children to make their own poster, hand-drawn or digitally created, that displayed the information from their flower dissection. They were to photograph each flower part twice, once with no magnification and once magnified using our USB microscope. We bought our USB microscope way back in 2015 (and it still works great!), but it looks pretty much identical to this one:



Here are some thumbnails of the kids' microscopic portraits:

 



If your kids are younger or need some scaffolding for the project, I really like this walk-through of a daffodil's dissection. It includes observational notes, ideas to direct a kid's interest, good spots to stop and draw, and supplementary resources.

If you want to do the flower dissection as a more directed activity, or with a group, I really like the way that this lift-the-flap diagram is presented.

And here's how you'd set up flower dissection Montessori-style!

And obviously, if you're not reading every single Gail Gibbons book about plants as you go, you're studying flowers wrong! This one is particularly relevant, as it has an annotated flower diagram:



Gail Gibbons picture books, especially, always have a lot more information than you'd expect in a picture book, and they're completely appropriate to use as a resource even for older kids like mine. We often read picture books first, and then move into more complicated material.

2. Start a wildflower journal. 

I've been using journals a lot with the kids this year, and I think it was this wildflowers study that inspired it! We treat the journals more as portfolios, and they're a good way to keep all of the kids' work in one place and show off the scope of their study and their mastery of it.

If I had this step to do again, I'd have the kids create journals especially to use here (as I did with their tree journals for later in CK-12 Biology Chapter 16!), but instead, they used their nature journals, and they worked fine.

As part of preparing for our Ohio road trip, we spent some time looking through this AWESOME guide to nature journaling, and we got lots of lovely ideas and bits of inspiration from it:



It gives you tips not just about drawing, but also ideas for interesting perspectives and new ways to annotate what you see. It makes nature journaling a much more meaningful and thoughtful activity.

 2. Learn about photosynthesis!

For this step, the kids reviewed the chapter on photosynthesis in CK-12 Biology. That chapter came so early in the book that they needed to review it as they started the chapter on plants, anyway, so this was a convenient step!

Here's all the work we did for Chapter 4, and any of those activities would make a good enrichment or review of how photosynthesis works. In fact, I'd fully planned to repeat the experiment on carbon dioxide uptake in water plants by having the kids collect some from a nearby wetland, but we didn't get to it before winter, so we probably will do it in the spring, instead, and thereby remind ourselves about photosynthesis all over again!


It's a really fun experiment!

The kids did, however, redo the modeling of photosynthesis project, and this time they figured exactly how to put together glucose:

Discover Ohio Wildflowers

Here's where we had the most fun with our study!

1. Go on a wildflower hike! Visit a Girl Scout Camp, local park, forest, or a field by your troop meeting site. Bring a simple field guides to learn about what you see. Or, bring a camera, take pictures, and try to identify the flowers later using books, doing online research, or ask an expert. 

As part of our Ohio road trip, we spent a day at Hueston Woods State Park, swimming with Luna, finding fossils, and sketching and identifying wildflowers:



2. Be able to identify 5-10 wildflowers by sight and add these flowers to your flower journal! Make drawings, cut out photos, and devote a page to each new flower you learn about. Be sure to answer these questions about the wildflowers: 
• What is its name? 
• Tell about an interesting feature. 
• What type of landscape does it grow in? (Forest, fields, roadsides, wet ground?) 
• What time of year can you find this flower blooming? (Spring, Summer, Autumn?)

Here are the guidebooks that we brought along to ready-reference our flowers:



I've always found using identification guidebooks challenging, but we've gotten quite a bit of practice this year, what with all the time we've spent studying growing things out in the wild.




Nevertheless, I love the question marks that Will put after her possible identifications:



It's very bothersome not to know for certain!

3. Wildflower fun!

We did NOT take any wildflowers during our hike, because we were in a state park. Instead, on another day when we were back in town, we took one of my very favorite local hikes:

The first part of the hike is NOT Luna's favorite. Stairs are scary!
It's much more fun to tromp around the waterfalls!
 


This spot is technically a city park, so it's perfectly alright to pick flowers--and the occasional robin's eggshell!



Will is holding a filthy Mason jar because we were also collecting water for a separate project. Homeschooling is all about multi-tasking!




Will and a friend once carried a giant snapping turtle all the way from beyond the farthest vista up to where the kid's mom and I sat together on the dock from which I took this photo. They showed the turtle to us, we admired it, and then they hauled it all the way back to where they found it.
The spot we're facing here used to be a wetland, then was a reservoir, and is now a wetland again.


 Here are the flowers we collected:


And here's what we did with them!



I'm only bummed that I didn't learn how to make these until the tag end of summer--next summer, I'll make pressed flower bookmarks every day!

Plant a seed! Share what you learned about wildflowers. 

For this activity, the kids modified Syd's Take Action Project from her Cadette Outdoor Journey. For that project, she researched the appropriate wildflower seeds for our location, perfected a seed bomb recipe, and taught other Girl Scouts how to make seed bombs.

As we were finishing up this wildflowers study, we were also prepping for our Girl Scout troop's Bridging ceremony, so the kids created seed bomb kits to give out as party favors. Syd designed a tutorial, and they included information about how wildflowers are important to our ecosystem:



The little kits turned out very cute, and will hopefully spread awareness--and wildflowers!

This was a really fun little unit of study that was simple to organize, but I think it had a big impact. It's easy to see something even as concrete as biology as abstract if all you do is read about it and take tests over it. Instead, if you can find every excuse possible to get out into nature and study biology wherever it is, and especially if you get to do some really fun, really active, really creative things, then your study means that much more.

When my kids think about studying biology, I want those memories to be joyful!

Here are some of the other wildflower resources that we used in this study:



P.S. If you like the weird, exciting, totally random stuff that I do with my kids, and you want to see more of it, check out my Craft Knife Facebook page! I'm on there kind of all the time, sharing resources, griping about stuff, and planning new adventures.

Monday, February 3, 2020

Reviewing the Molecular Model of Photosynthesis with Zometools

I first had the kids make molecular models of photosynthesis back in 2017.

Look how wee and smol they were!



Both kids love biology, and it's one of the numerous science subjects that we're constantly studying (current science studies also include psychology, environmental science, geology, and meteorology). So it shouldn't be too surprising that this summer, during a study of wildflowers and trees, I wanted to review photosynthesis.

Fortunately, an activity that was awesome and fun two years ago is still awesome and fun, and kids who are two years older are can take that fun activity and make it even more sophisticated and instructive.

So out again came the Zometools, and once again the kids modeled the process of photosynthesis!

Here are the sets of Zometools that I own. I've had the Creator set for several years, and I bought the molecular modeling kit in 2016, Amazon helpfully informs me:


We use both of these kits often, often instead of various other types of modeling kits that we now don't have to buy.

Here, again, is the chemical formula of photosynthesis:

6CO+ 6H2O + sunlight ------> C6H12O+ 6O2

Very simply (as in, there's lots more to it, but here's what you can easily model), carbon dioxide and water combine with sunlight to create glucose and oxygen. Here are the six carbon dioxide and the six water molecules:





In this production of photosynthesis, the role of sunlight will be played by a young Indiana Jones:


Our favorite little murderbrat also used to be so smol and wee!

Always destructive, though:



Seriously, that cat is DESIGNED for destruction!


Once you get the murderbrat distracted trying to murder something else, then you can take apart your carbon dioxide and water, and challenge yourself to reform it into glucose, with an oxygen remainder:


I love how much more complicated the glucose molecule is than the components that created it:


And look! Syd is also so impressed by how beautiful a glucose molecule looks in three dimensions that she's keeled over!


Either that, or Jones was busy murdering her...

Friday, January 17, 2020

How To Earn the Girl Scout Buckeye Stops Here IP Patch: It's an Ohio Unit Study for Teenagers!


I mention a lot that when I travel with the kids, one of my favorite things to do is help them earn related council's own fun patches and badges or retired IP patches. Having a project to complete on our trip encourages us all to do and experience things we wouldn't have chosen on our own, and having a goal in mind makes exploring historical, natural, and cultural sites more fun.

And since we homeschool, any one of these is a terrific spine for turning something into a miniature unit study. For the younger kid, this Ohio study for the purpose of earning the Council's Own Buckeye Stops Here IP patch was part of a US historical, cultural, and geographical study for eighth grade. For the older kid, it's the same, but her study is more comprehensive and long-term and will eventually count as part of one high school course that we're currently calling "America's Best Idea": A Multi-Disciplinary Study of the US and Its National Parks.

Pretentious-sounding high school class names are my specialty!

Here's the lovely Buckeye Stops Here IP patch:

Image credit here
And here's what a kid has to do to earn it!

Tangentially, many of these retired badges and IP patches can be challenging to find, and you'll pretty much never find them in a council store. The Girl Scout buy/sell/trade community is HUGE, however, and you can find just about anything in one of these spots if you search and ask and lurk and be ready to pounce when something is offered:

I don't remember which of those Facebook groups these physical IP patches were offered on, but it was for sure one of them! I claimed two as soon as I saw the listing, paid the seller via Paypal, and had them in my hands within the week.

Here's what we did to complete the seven requirements for the kids to earn this IP patch:

Skill Builders #1

Ohio is known as the “State of Eight” for having 8 U.S. Presidents call Ohio home. Find at least ten references (street names, cities, parks, libraries, schools, highways, etc.) in your area which commemorate these 8 Presidents. If you are working as a group, your group could put all the girls’ lists together and see how many different ways your area is carrying on the legacy of the “State of Eight”. 

This step was in some ways a bust, but was actually really fun to try, and it encouraged the kids to be very observant and inspired a lot of discussion. Before we went on our Ohio road trip in the summer of 2019, I had the kids research and record the names of these eight US presidents who called Ohio home.

Then they forgot my instruction to pack the list.

So for that entire road trip, they observantly noted the names of streets, cities, parks, libraries, schools, and highways as we passed them, and kept saying a lot of things like, "Columbus! That's a famous name! Is that a president? ...wait, no. Oops!" and "Montserrat St... surely that's SOMEONE famous!" and "Indian Hill. That seems kind of racist, no?", etc. We had a lot of interesting discussions about why public spaces get named the way that they do (I horrified them by telling them about the KFC Yum! Center, bless its heart), what it means to leave your name as a legacy (did you know that the Wilder Medal, named for and first presented to Laura Ingalls Wilder, was recently-ish renamed because it's an unfortunate fact that Laura, though awesome in lots of ways, was also low-key racist?), and why the word "Indian," like all other exonyms, is problematic in certain ways.

We did NOT find ten discrete references to the eight presidents, but nevertheless, I called this step completed and well worth the effort.

Skill Builders #3

Learn about a “tragedy” in Ohio history from a book or website—maybe a school history book! Create a dramatic skit, poem, story, or song about it and share it with families or a class or another group. 

This step was such a bummer! We cut this one short because during the research stage, the younger kid basically IMMEDIATELY discovered Jeffrey Dahmer, who, it turns out, lived off and on in Ohio!

... awesome.

She started screaming, eyes glued to the laptop screen, and I essentially ripped it out of her hands and then gave the children a VERY elided summary of his Wikipedia page

Like, seriously, have you READ Jeffrey Dahmer's Wikipedia page? That whole story is BONKERS! Yikes, you guys. And I hope that those police officers who dismissed bystanders' concerns and literally gave an injured, kidnapped child back to his kidnapper to be tortured and murdered haven't had a good night's sleep since, because that was some epic workplace incompetence there, fellas.

The children did not include Jeffrey Dahmer in their Slides presentation on Ohio, and for Pete's sake they certainly did NOT create a skit or song about him and share it with anyone! But they can both name one cannibal serial killer now, so... that's pretty cool.

Technology #1

Every state has their famous inventors, including Ohio! Find out what inventions have been “born” in Ohio—are they still being used today or have they been replaced with more “modern” versions? 

For some of these steps, I asked the kids to combine the information that they were researching and prepare a final Google Slides presentation of their complete project. Thanks to previous visits to Dayton, the kids know quite a lot about one particular Ohio invention--


--and used several of these resources to find out about others:


I especially like children's non-fiction books because they're an easy jumping-off point for further research.

Also, the kids now know that it was an Ohio native who kind of invented the hot dog in the US, and I feel like they have successfully worked that tidbit into every single conversation that we've had since that discovery.

Technology #3

Collect 10 Ohio history facts (you could have these facts from school studies in history or civics). Create a timeline of the events and present the time line using one of the following methods: Poster, Scrapbook, Hyperstudio, Power Point. etc. 

The kids worked on this requirement at the same time that they worked on the list of inventions. I actually gave them each a checklist that asked them to note 10 important inventions or inventors and 10 interesting facts or historical events, so not everything in their presentation was a historical fact.

Service Projects #7

Beautiful Ohio” and “Hang on Sloopy” are not the only songs associated with or written by Ohioans. Make a list of “Ohio Songs”, learn to sing or play them, and present a special “Ohio in Song” program for a group of senior citizens—bet they’ll sing along!

I think the kids liked this step the most of all! Spoiler alert: they did NOT present a program of Ohio songs for any of our Hoosier senior citizens. Instead, they created a shareable Spotify playlist of Ohio songs. And during this process, they discovered our collective FAVORITE SONG EVER.

The kids did this step before I'd started listening to Dolly Parton's America, or I would have recognized this song immediately, and immediately known its sub-genre:


That song, my Friends, is what's known as a murder ballad! There's a great analysis of murder ballads in the first episode of Dolly Parton's America, but when we first heard it, the kids and I were just like, "WUT."

And then we rewound it and played it again. Still crazy!!!

"On the Banks of the Ohio" was the finale song for their Ohio presentation, because of COURSE it was.

Career Exploration #1

Interview, shadow or research a female politician from Ohio. Find out what interested her about politics, what is interesting about her job, preparation she had for her office and aspirations she has about her role in changing the world for the better. 

Instead of this exact step, I asked the children to research the life of Victoria Woodhull for inclusion into their presentation. You might know her by the claim to fame that she's the first woman to run for the US presidency (years before women obtained suffrage, even!), but the kids also made the astounding discoveries that she super wanted people to live in communes and practice free love, she was jailed for publishing a lot of dirt on Reverend Henry Ward Beecher's alleged affair, and, alas, she thought eugenics was a great idea.

Damnit, Victoria! All you had to do was, you know, NOT THINK THAT THE CONTROLLED BREEDING OF LITERAL HUMAN BEINGS WAS AN AWESOME IDEA, BECAUSE IT WAS NOT AN AWESOME IDEA.

And as a kid she traveled in a family medicine show and did psychic readings on the rubes. Good times!

Career Exploration #3

Local newspapers are published in many communities. Some are daily, but most are weekly or even monthly in smaller communities. Locate a local newspaper reporter and interview him/her about their favorite stories about your community or invite them to attend your troop meeting to speak about their favorite local news stories. Maybe your troop could even get “in the paper”!

The kids have already done a few interviews and tours, etc., with TV and print journalists, so for this step I had them instead check out online newspapers from Ohio. 

Here's the Columbus Dispatch!

It's surprisingly interesting to browse through some random town's random local news. Their headlines are simultaneously slightly exotic and as mundane as ever. 

And just like that, there's seven activities completed and one IP patch earned! I was actually quite surprised at how many interesting things the kids found out, and how widely they ranged, intellectually, in pursuit of this patch. We learned about exonyms and eugenics, cannibal serial killers and murder ballads.

And hot dogs. DON'T forget about the hot dogs!